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- No Model.)

J. G.- & E. J. PENNINGTON. REOIPROGATING CYLINDER HEAD FOR PLANING MACHINES.

No. 244,290. Patented July 12, 1 8-81.

' WITNESSESI I IgENTQRSZ Mt M I My ATTORNEY.

hogmplwr. Washing UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOEL O. PENNINGTON, OF MOORES HILL, INDIANA, AND EDWARD J. PEN- NINGTON, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

RECIPROCATING CYLINDER-HEAD FOR PLANlNG-MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,290, dated July 12, 1881.

- Application filed November 12, 1880. (No model.)

. To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, J OEL O. PENNING- TON, of Moores Hill, in the State of Indiana, and EDWARD J. ENNINGTON, of Cincinnati, in the county of milton and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Reciprocating Cylinder-Heads for Planing- Machines, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in whieh- Figure 1 is a front view of the cylinder-head, shaft, and attachment. Fig. 2 is a face view of the gear-wheels. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the boxing for the shaft, and Fig.4 a perspective view of the key for the boxing.

It is the design of this invention to construct such a planer that when the knives in the cylinder or head shall become nicked the surface-plane will not be affected thereby.

It is well known to all who are accustomed to operate planers that should the knives be injured from any cause small ribs will appear on the planed surface in proportion to the size of the nick.

The invention also contemplates improvements in planers, whereby rough and crossgrained lumber can be planed smoothly.

The invention consists in so constructing the cylinder-head that it shall have a reciprocating motion, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents a horizontal shaft journaled at O C, having on one end the head B, to which the planerknives are attached, and on the opposite end a small pinion, D. This pinion is provided on each side with an enlarged disk, D, the object of which will be hereinafter more fully explained.

E represents a large cog-wheel adapted to mesh with the small pinion D. The wheel E is secured obliquely on the shaft F, and since it meshes with the pinion D, between the disks D, a reciprocating motion is imparted to the shaft A whenever the shaft F is rigidly journaled.

The box 0 is provided with a transverse slot, G, and at this point the shaft A has a V-shaped annular groove H.

A key, I, having two limbs, on the inner edges of which are V-shaped tongues to correspond with the V-shaped groove of the shaft A, is placed in the slot Gr, so that the limbs of the key pass down on opposite sides of the shaft A, thus preventing the shaft A from reciprocatin g. When the shaftAis thus secured, theshaft Fis allowed to reciprocate; but whenever the key I is removed the shaft F is not permitted to reciprocate.

In planing smooth-grained lumber the key is employed in box 0, if so desired; but when the knives become nicked, or the lumber'is crossgrained, the key is removed and the shaft F secured from moving endwise. By this means the shaft A secures two movements, and compels the succeeding knife to cut away the ribs caused by the nicks in the preceding knife.

It has been found that where only one knife isused,or where thenicksin theoppositekuives are in the same line or plane, the reciprocal movement thus given prevents a rib from being formed in the planed surface. It is equally as serviceable in cross-grained lumber, planing it smoothly, and at the same time without any apparent increase of power.

It is apparent that any other mechanical appliance can be substituted to give the shaft A this reciprocal movement, and we do not therefore confine ourselves to the form herein shown as essential to the spirit of our invention.

In practice we find that a small motion is required to produce the desired effect, in some instances less than a sixteenth of an inch being necessary; but it is obvious that the end movement in the shaft A will depend largely upon the size of the nick in the knives and on the quality of the lumber to be planed.

We are aware that the employment of a reciprocating motion in a shaft or cylindertion, which in practice is found to produce revolution, as herein shown, and for the purthe only satisfactory results. pose specified.

Having described our invention, what we In testimonythat weclaim the above wehave claim as new and desire to secure by Letters hereunto set our hands this 10th day of No- 5 Patent, is-- vemberA.D. 1880, in the presence of witnesses. I 5

In a p1aning-n1achine,the shaft A, having a JOEL G. PENNINGTON. small pinion, D, which meshes with an enlarged EDWARD J PENNINGTON. obliquely-disposed cog-wheel, E, as shown so Witnesses: adapted that a reciprocal motion will be im- J. S. ZERBE,

1o parted to the shaft A at each fourth or fifth F. E. ZERBE. 

